What else is political risk called?

expropriation cover, CEND, contract frustration.

When does political risk respond?

A host government seizes assets, blocks the transfer of funds or cancels a licence.

Which industries usually carry political risk?

None of the twenty industry classes lists it as usual; it is bought for a specific exposure.

What does the register compute for a political risk line?

The deductible retained per claim and, with a claims count, per year; the limit less the deductible the insurer carries; the premium as a share of the limit; and the three-year loss ratio where claims paid are given. Flags where the limit was never claimed against, the rate on line is far above the schedule median, or the retention sits below the claims frequency.

Every line of cover · Specialty

Political risk

Loss of an overseas investment, contract or receivable through confiscation, expropriation, nationalisation, currency inconvertibility, political violence or a government's refusal to honour a contract.

On the schedule

Also called	expropriation cover, CEND, contract frustration
Family	Specialty
Responds when	A host government seizes assets, blocks the transfer of funds or cancels a licence.

Which industries carry it

Usually held by	none of the twenty classes as a usual line; bought for a specific exposure
Often needed, often lacking	Mining and resources, Energy and utilities

Standards this line engages

6 clauses

Clause text quoted from a human-verified compliance corpus under licence. Clauses marked for APRA-regulated buyers or US insurance licensees appear on a register only for those buyers.

ISO 31000 6.5.2 Selection of risk treatment options

Guidance: choosing treatment options balances the benefits for the objectives against the cost, effort and disadvantages of implementing them. Options are not mutually exclusive and not all fit every situation; they include avoiding the risk by not starting or continuing the activity, taking or increasing the risk to pursue an opportunity, removing the risk ...

Evidence an auditor accepts: Treatment option analysis per risk showing the options considered, their cost and benefit, and the one chosen; Insurance schedule, contracts and other risk-sharing arrangements tied to the risks they transfer; Documented retained and residual risk with the decision maker's acceptance
Common gap: Only mitigation considered; avoiding, taking or sharing never on the table
ISO 31000:2018 on compliance.theartofservice.com

ISO 31000 6.3.3 External and internal context

Guidance: the external and internal context is the environment in which the organization defines and pursues its objectives. The context of the risk management process should be established from an understanding of that environment and should reflect the specific environment of the activity the process is applied to, because risk management happens in the co...

Evidence an auditor accepts: Context statement for the assessment, drawing on the external and internal factors of 5.4.1; Link from the assessment context to the organizational context used for the framework
Common gap: Context copied from the enterprise level and not adjusted to the activity
ISO 31000:2018 on compliance.theartofservice.com

COSO ERM principle 6 Analyzes Business Context

The organization considers potential effects of business context on risk profile.

Evidence an auditor accepts: PESTLE analysis; Industry trend reports; Stakeholder analysis
Common gap: No structured environment scanning
COSO ERM 2017 on compliance.theartofservice.com

ISO 31000 6.4.2 Risk identification

Guidance: risk identification finds, recognizes and describes the risks that might help or prevent the organization achieving its objectives, and depends on relevant, appropriate and current information. A range of techniques can be used to find the uncertainties that affect objectives, and the following factors and the relationships between them should be c...

Evidence an auditor accepts: Risk register entries with source, event, cause and consequence described; Identification techniques used (workshops, checklists, scenario analysis, indicators) and who took part; Opportunities recorded alongside threats
Common gap: Only threats identified, never opportunities
ISO 31000:2018 on compliance.theartofservice.com

ISO 31000 6.4.3 Risk analysis

Guidance: risk analysis builds an understanding of the nature and characteristics of a risk, including its level where appropriate, by considering in detail uncertainties, sources, consequences, likelihood, events, scenarios, controls and how effective they are; one event can have several causes and consequences and touch several objectives. Analysis can be ...

Evidence an auditor accepts: Analysis record per risk: likelihood, consequence, existing controls and their effectiveness, level of risk; Statement of assumptions, exclusions, information quality and confidence attached to the analysis; Choice of qualitative or quantitative technique and the reason
Common gap: Control effectiveness assumed rather than assessed
ISO 31000:2018 on compliance.theartofservice.com

COSO ERM principle 10 Identifies Risk

The organization identifies risk that impacts the performance of strategy and business objectives.

Evidence an auditor accepts: Risk register; Risk workshop outputs; Emerging risk log
Common gap: Static risk register
COSO ERM 2017 on compliance.theartofservice.com

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